What term refers to unauthorized listening of conversations or reading of messages?

• A. Shoulder Surfing
• B. Dumpster Diving
• C. Eavesdropping
• D. Impersonation

Answer: (C)

The event described is unauthorized interception of conversations or messages, which is eavesdropping. Eavesdropping means secretly listening in on conversations or reading communications without permission, whether this happens by overhearing someone nearby or by capturing data in transit. This makes it the best fit for the given definition. Shoulder surfing involves physically looking at someone’s screen or keyboard to steal data, not primarily listening or reading messages. Dumpster diving is about rummaging through trash for sensitive information. Impersonation is pretending to be someone else to gain access or information.