Which method makes changes to digital carriers to embed information foreign to the native carriers?

• A. Substitution Techniques
• B. Distortion Techniques
• C. Statistical Techniques
• D. Computer-Based Methods

Answer: (D)

The main idea here is how hidden information is placed inside digital carriers using computer-based processes. Computer-based methods cover using software algorithms to embed a payload into digital media (like images, audio, or video) by making controlled changes that conceal data foreign to the original content. Substitution techniques describe a specific way to do embedding by replacing parts of the carrier with payload bits, but that’s just one approach. Distortion techniques focus on causing changes that may be perceptible, and statistical techniques alter the carrier’s statistics to hide data, which aren’t the broad embedding approach. So using computer-based methods best captures the overall method of embedding foreign information into digital carriers through computational techniques.