Which term refers to using propaganda or terror to demoralize one's adversary in battle?

• A. Economic warfare
• B. Cyber Kill Chain
• C. Psychological warfare
• D. Hacker warfare

Answer: (C)

Psychological warfare focuses on affecting an opponent’s will to fight by shaping perceptions, spreading propaganda, and using threats or terror to demoralize. When the aim is to undermine morale and pressure the adversary through information and fear rather than through direct physical destruction, this term fits best. Propaganda broadcasts, rumors, leaflets, and intimidatory tactics are classic tools used to lower morale and sow doubt about one’s ability to win, which is the essence of psychological warfare.

Economic warfare relies on financial pressure—sanctions, trade restrictions, and resource denial—to weaken an opponent's capacity, not to demoralize them directly. The Cyber Kill Chain describes a sequence of steps attackers take in cyber intrusions, not tactics for war-time morale or intimidation. Hacker warfare is not a standard, precise term for this concept and doesn’t capture the specific aim of influencing morale through propaganda or terror.